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METAL FUEL ENGINE & RECYCLING OF METAL FUEL INPLACE OF PETROL)

[Category : - RENEWABLE ENERGY]
[Viewed 1197 times]

Date 2-4-18
METAL FUEL ENGINE & STORAGE OF ELECTRIC POWER
AMIT KUMAR VISHWAKARMA DATE 2-4-18

ABSTRACT
Its research paper of me on metal fuel engine, I have research & study of 3-4 year to make metal fuel engine and electrical power storage in large amount. Today we uses a lot of electric equipment so demand of electric power storage increase day by day. Now a days we store electricity in battery but problem of battery is that its costly and storage of power in small quantity .We are also using fuel cell for power storage in form of oxygen & hydrogen but it’s not practically in now days.
This problem can be find out by making of metal fuel engine & recycling of metal fuel.
We have also made many solid fuel engines but it’s also not in practically .because they have lot of drawback like huge size, less efficient, costly.
KEYWORD- Magnesium-energy, Metal fuel engine.

INTRODUCTION
Now a day we can not devlope any metal fuel engine but making of this engine all problem of energy storage is come out.
We are all know that magnesium (magnesium , sodium,lithium any alkaily metal ) is light weight alkaily metal . and by burning of these metal a huge heat produce The property of metal fuel is that its burn rapidaly , and it does not required neceassary oxygen for burning. it can be burn in water (h2o) and carbon die oxide gas (co2 ) .
The main innovative part of this engine is that its hermatically sealed tubine so there is no any losses of coolant media ,fuel can be recycle , startup time is very low for engine ,no more any typical equipment ,no more aux equipment.,small size of engine .

FIG-1









DRAWING OF ENGINE

FIG-2
EQUIPMENT TABLE

WORKING PROCESS OF ENGINE
1. First of all, the compressor compress refrigent ( 134 HFC any hfc refrigent media ) gas into liquid and this refrigent HFC liquid goes to engine .
2. Magnesium coil ( Mg) enter by mechanical mechanism in engine and then its ignite by electronic firing then mg burn .due to burning of mg about 2000 C in engine heat chamber. A huge heat produce and this heat transfer to hfc liquid
3. Then this heat convert refrigerant R 134 into gas and produce high pressure about 15-30 kg and it Enter into turbine inlet (with high pressure and high temperature )and rotate turbine blade
4. Turbine (hermetically sealed turbine and dc generator) mechanically coupled to brush less dc generator() and rotate to dc generator and produce electric power
5. By electrical cable this power comes out and goes to motor-drive and it is start to rotating motor,
6. Motor is mechanically coupled to wheel and it run to vehicle
7. After turbine HFC gas have some heat it cooled in air cooled condenser and also ETCU extra temp control unit
8. Condenser maintains a constant vacuum & temp
9. This HFC gas again compressed through compressor and become in liquid form
10. ETCU (Electronic temperature control unit) this unit is working an simple air conditioner
11. At the turbine inlet here is extra safety valve for protection again high pressure
12. Hermetically sealed turbine circuit means its totally sealed & isolate with outer environment
13. ETCU (Electronic temperature control unit) Controller this is microcomputer and control all engine operating parameter like pressure,temperature,operating power, safety parameter, and also it control firing of engine pressure temp of engine by suitable command to aux equipment of engine
14. By using of low latent heat coolant media it start to ready more quickly it start to ready otherwise in case of water coolant first it take time 15- 20 minute generate water vapour and pressure this phenomena is not suitable for automobile vehicle
15. Mg(metal fuel) burn at around 2000 C .so by this high temp the overall efficiency of engine (Carnot cycle) will increases.
16. Mg ( Metal fuel) is low density metal ,so its power /weight ratio is good as like other fuel petrol gas engine
17. you can recycle Mg (Metal fuel) at many time also recycle-unit have no typical mechanism and process so rectification is easy and you can recycle of mg with small unit
18. Mg (Metal fuel) burn in air /water/co2 so its easy to burn into engine (not is any ignition problem) you can also use mg with water combination in engine so this engine is totally enclosed engine and it produce zero %mechanical fume at outside engine
19. This mg (Metal fuel) burn in enclosed vessel so thermal efficiency of heat exchanger is high near about 99% not any radiation loss
20. Flash back arrester to prevent back firing of fuel
21. Isolator unit working is that , by default if mg burn in reverse direction through coil ,temp sensor sense temp and microcontroller give command to isolate to coil immediately like 500 mill second so it’s very safe for operation ,so this engine useful commercially as well as domestic application
22. In any abnormal condition high temp or reverse firing or high pressure in engine microcontroller give close command to stop pulses to electrode the firing come down slow or may stop also safety valve operate, and fuel isolator operate and isolate to main fuel.
23. After burning of mg it produce MGO (Magnesium oxide metal-oxide) this MGO is converted into magnesium (mg) through reversible process,



FIG-3
THERE ARE TWO METHOD OF RECYCLING PROCESS OF MAGNESIUM

(1) RECYCLING PROCESS OF MAGNESIUM PROCESS NO 1
ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS
MGO mix with H2SO4 (SULPHURIC ACID) then it convert into MGS04 and H20
MGO +H2SO4 MGSO4 + H2O
Then Mgso4 is under process of electrolysis
MGSO4 MG (2+) + SO4 (2- )
2HOH 2H (+) + 2OH (-)
SO4 (2-)+ H2 (2+) H2SO4
MG (2+)+(2e) MG2
By electrolysis you can get pure Mg (metal fuel) 99% pure
(2) RECYCLING PROCESS OF MAGNESIUM PROCESS NO 2
HEAT REDUCTION PROCESS
24. Mg (METAL FUEL) melting temp is low by reheating you can make easily mg coil (any desired shape)
25. By thermal heat reduction process MGO (magnesium oxide) heat/ with silicon (si) then silicon oxide (SIO) is made and mg get vaporized and this vaporised magnesium get condense in other chamber in form of powder or coil
Mg extraction
MGO +SI MG + SIO2
(UNDER LOW VACUUM)

Mg vapour condense in separate chamber that is converted in form of magnesium coil
ADVANTAGE
1. Zero emission
2. We recycle Many times magnesium so it’s a renewable energy
3. This engine is device that is store electrical power in form of chemical fuel and its reversible process , its new invention of in the field of energy storage , this engine is also uses in big industry for operation
4. Zero percent emission of any harmful chemical
5. High energy /weight ratio of metal fuel engine because magnesium is light weight metal.
6. High Carnot efficiency due to high temperature
7. High vapour temp
8. No more extra auxiliary equipment ,it have no more high maintenance required like internal combustion engine and automobile engine
9. It has DC or AC generator and DC or AC motor (these are all electrical device and have efficiency above 90 %) so overall efficiency of Metal fuel engine would be grater then 90%.
10. Metal fuel can be burn in presence of co2. so this engine can be use in space craft as in place of fuel cell
11. Also fuel cell is bulky, very heavy in weight .so its right substituted of fuel cell engine.
12. It can be use in large ship , large army submarine
13. We can also store energy in form of thermite process. In Thermite process we burn iron oxide (Feo) and aluminium power at high temperature.
14. Its save our earth & environment
15. Its green energy

ABBREVIATION
1. coolant that is media its flow inside engine tube (referent or coolant media,r22,r134, any HFC fluid)
2. latent heat typically for refrigent- 230kj/kg
3. Mg burning temp heat gen 2000*c
4. Mg burn energy 600 kcal/kg
5. ETCU electronic temp control unit
6. Metal fuel (any low covalent atomic bond metal like Sodium,magnesium,lithium)
7. You can also use Thermite welding process ( feo+al ) in place of Mg coil
8. Mg- magnesium
9. Metal fuel (magnesium,sodium,lithium)

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL DATA OF MAGNESIUM
Name Magnesium
Symbol Mg
Atomic Number 12
Atomic Weight 24.305
Density 1.738 g/cm3
Melting Point 650 °C
Boiling Point 1090 °C
Thermal properties
Phase Solid
Melting Point 650 °C
Boiling Point 1090 °C
Absolute Melting Point 923 K
Absolute Boiling Point 1363 K
Critical Pressure N/A
Critical Temperature N/A
Heat of Fusion 8.7 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization 128 kJ/mol
Specific Heat 1020 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic Index N/A
Neel Point N/A
Thermal Conductivity 160 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion 0.0000248 K-1
Bulk physical properties
Density 1.738 g/cm3
Density (Liquid) 1.584 g/cm3
Molar Volume 0.000013984
Brinell Hardness 260 MPa
Mohs Hardness 2.5
Vickers Hardness N/A
Bulk Modulus 45 GPa
Shear Modulus 17 GPa
Young Modulus 45 GPa
Poisson Ratio 0.29
Refractive Index N/A
Speed of Sound 4602 m/s
Thermal Conductivity 160 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion 0.0000248 K-1
Electrical properties
Electrical Type Conductor
Electrical Conductivity 2.3×107 S/m
Resistivity 4.399999999999×10-8 m ?
Superconducting Point N/A


CONCLUSION
Overall we see this engine have a lot of potential. Also the design of engine is very simple, in future we will start to use this type Metal fuel engine and save our conventional source of energy of planet.
REFERENCES
1. Electric motor – B.L. Therja
2. Refrigeration & air conditioning - R.S.khurmi
3. Notes on magnesium – R.K.K. kostanyan

COPYRIGHT NO- L76180/2018 /INDIA











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