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A method of producing a hydrophobic sorbent for cleaning oil

[Category : - Cleaning devices]
[Viewed 1291 times]

The invention relates to methods for preparing granular sorbents. The process for producing a granular adsorbent includes a preliminary heat treatment clarifier sludge thermal power stations (TPS) at 180-220 ° C, preparing an emulsion by mixing a modifying until smooth polimetilgidridsiloksana soda glass and liquid, in the ratio 1: 1, mixing the heat-treated slurry with an emulsion modifier, forming granules and heat-treated at 280-320 ° C. The technical result consists in obtaining sorbent with high oil intensity of the thermal power plant waste. 1 ZP f-ly, 1 tab., 1 ill.rnThe invention relates to methods for preparing the solid adsorbent is granular and can be used in the purification of waste water thermal power stations (TPS) of petroleum products, as well as in environmental protection to remove oil spills from surface water.rnA method of producing granular aluminosilicate sorbents comprising mixing solutions of sodium silicate and sodium aluminate, crystallization, washing the resulting hydrogel by excess alkali, granulation and treatment with an alkaline solution, and the granular hydrogel further treated with a solution of 1.5% aluminum sulfate, followed by aging in a solution ammonia and washing with distilled water (USSR Author's certificate № 835956, IPC C01B 33/26, B01J 1/22, 07.06.1981).rnThe disadvantage of this method is high cost, due to complexity of technology and cost of chemicals needed for its implementation.rnAmong the most effective methods of cleaning oil-contaminated water, providing the final oil content in the water is almost at the level of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of 0.5 mg / dm3, an important role is played by adsorption on microporous adsorbents. Among this type sorbents most promising because of their availability and ease of production technology, inorganic materials are natural, modified silicone compounds (Pimtenko AT, AA Patenko, Taresovich Y. et al. Technology of preparation and use in water treatment expanded perlite. Chemistry and technology of water. 1981, number 3, s.242-247).rnThe closest to the proposed invention as to technical essence and achieved result is a process for producing a hydrophobic adsorbent for the extraction of oil from aqueous media, including the modification of expanded perlite polimetilgidridsiloksanom with subsequent heat treatment (RU Patent number 2,055,637, IPC B01J 20/16, C02F 1/28, published date 03.10.1996).rnExpanded perlite polimetilgidridsiloksanom modified at a volume ratio of the liquid and solid phases, equal to (0.3-0.6): 1, respectively, prior to the application of 30-50% by weight of perlite modifier, and a heat treatment is conducted at 320-380 ° C for 18 30 minutes.rnThe disadvantage of the known adsorbents is the high cost of producing a hydrophobic adsorbent due to the fact that the basis of the adsorbent - perlite - a natural mineral that is necessary to produce, produce its blistering on special equipment to transport to a place of purification and storage, while significantly increasing and the final cost oily water treatment for the oil sorbent consumer.rnThe object of the invention is to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of natural and waste waters from oil and oil products, mainly cooling reservoir and waste TPP water, expanding the range of oil sorbents by getting the place clean granular hydrophobic adsorbent on the basis of thermal and exclusion of waste products through this additional the cost of its transportation.rnThe technical result is achieved by a process for producing a hydrophobic adsorbent for the purification of natural and waste waters from oil products, which includes the modification of the inorganic material polimetilgidridsiloksanom with subsequent heat treatment, according to the present invention, pre-inorganic material, which is used as the carbonate slurry clarifiers thermal power plants (TPP) with grain diameter 0,01-1,4 mm, heat-treated at a temperature of 180-220 ° C for 80-100 minutes, is used as a modifier modifier emulsion prepared by mixing until smooth 8% aqueous solution of sodium and liquid polimetilgidridsiloksana glass, in the ratio 1: 1, respectively, is carried out modifying the heat-treated carbonaceous slurry clarifiers TPP by mixing with modifying the emulsion in the ratio 2: 1 respectively, after which granulation is carried plastic mass obtained by molding the granules by rolling to a size equal to 2/3 mm and the subsequent heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 280-320 ° C for 50-70 minutes to maintain a constant weight.rnPreparation of the hydrophobic adsorbent is carried out for the removal of petroleum natural water reservoirs-coolers and wastewater of thermal power plants (TPP).rnCarbonate slurry is formed in the thermal power plant clarifier at liming and coagulation of raw water to the water treatment plant of thermal power plants.rnThe chemical composition of the sludge:rnCaCO3 + MgCO3 + Mg (OH) 2 + SiO2 + Fe (OH) 3 + Al (OH) 3.rnThe sorption properties of carbonaceous sludge clarifiers TPP explained by the presence of strongly polar groups of humic substances in natural water. Analysis of a sample of the carbonate slurry clarifiers TPP by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of humic substances of functional groups: -OH, -NH, -CH3, -CH2, aromatic C = C - bonds, C-O - carboxyl groups and OH - alcohol groups .rnThe figure shows the dependence of the adsorption capacity of granular hydrophobic adsorbents in the purification of gasoline AI-92 and GMSH GMSH oil from time to time.rnThe method is implemented as follows.rnThe proposed method for producing the hydrophobic adsorbent for the purification of natural and waste waters from oil pre-inorganic material, which is used as the carbonate slurry clarifiers thermal power plants (TPP) with a grain diameter of 0,01-1,4 mm and heat-treated at a temperature of 180-220 ° C for 80-100 minutes. Carbonate slurry clarifiers TPP previously heat-treated to remove internal moisture, low molecular weight organic impurities, which, escaping to, carbonated adsorbent gaseous products of decomposition.rnThe modifier is used as a modifier emulsion prepared by mixing until smooth 8% aqueous polimetilgidridsiloksana NGL-94M (TU 6-02-691-76) of sodium and liquid glass in the ratio 1: 1, respectively. In polimetilgidridsiloksane CH3 (SiHO) n, where n = 10-15, an active hydrogen content reaches 1.5-1.8 wt.%. Kinematic viscosity at 20 ° C - 15 cSt, pH of the aqueous extract of 6-7.rnFurther, the carbonate slurry for imparting water repellency TES clarifiers and obtain pellets is performed modifying the heat-treated carbonaceous slurry clarifiers TPP by mixing with modifying the emulsion in the ratio 2: 1 respectively.rnThe optimum ratio of the heat-treated carbonate slurry clarifiers TPP (initial weight) and modified emulsion corresponds to the ratio of 2: 1, respectively, as at lower emulsion spending occurs incomplete impregnation of the initial weight, and at a higher flow rate of the emulsion obtained suspension is heat-treated carbonate slurry clarifiers TPP and modifying emulsion that It leads to overspending polimetilgidridsiloksana NGL-94M.rnThen perform granulation plastic mass produced by molding the pellets rolling up to a size equal to 2-3 mm.rnThe subsequent heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 280-320 ° C for 50-70 minutes to maintain a constant weight.rnBy subsequent heat treatment the molecular structure of the liquid sodium glass entering the modifier emulsion, is structured in a crystal lattice, with the removal of the solvent occurs from the heat-treated carbonaceous slurry clarifiers TPP (initial mass), whereby the formation of micropores.rnNext, the adsorbent is removed and cooled to room temperature.rnThe resulting modified adsorbent is ready for use.rnA granular adsorbent, modified hydrophobizator based polimetilgidridsiloksana has amphiphilic molecules CH3 (SiHO) n, where the hydrocarbon group CH 3 faces gaseous phase, the hydroxyl group is directed to the sorbent surface, thereby decreasing the surface tension of the solid, completely non-contact with water, for whereby there is unhindered absorption of oil sorbent.rnExample of specific performance.rnA portion of the carbonate slurry clarifiers TPP (100 g) fraction 0.01-1.4 mm (quantity of sludge fractions 0,01-0,09 mm is 30%, 0,09-1,4 mm is 60%, the rest - 10% - of the sludge 1.4 mm fraction) was crushed to a uniform mass. First, conduct a preliminary heat treatment of the carbonate slurry clarifiers TES at 200 ° C for 90 minutes. The modifier is used as a modifier emulsion (50 ml) consisting of 8% aqueous polimetilgidridsiloksana NGL-94M (25 ml) and liquid sodium glass (25 ml) was prepared by mixing them until homogenous. Further modification performed previously precooked clarifiers TES carbonate slurry (100 g) by mixing it with the modifier emulsion (50 ml). Then granulation is carried plastic mass obtained by molding the granules by rolling to a size equal to 2.3 mm. The obtained granules were subjected to subsequent heat treatment at 300 ° C for 60 minutes to maintain a constant weight. Next, the adsorbent is removed and cooled to room temperature.rnThe resulting granular hydrophobic adsorbent mass of 2 g is placed in a container of 92 octane gasoline, oil field Shiyskogo (GMSH), 5, 15, 30, 60 minutes. Measure the adsorption capacity of granular hydrophobic adsorbent (see. Figure, which shows the dependence of the adsorption capacity of granular hydrophobic adsorbents in the purification of gasoline AI-92 GMSH and oil GMSH from time to time. After time the sorbent with the petroleum product is removed, allowed to drain excess and weighed. The difference in the initial and final masses of the hydrophobic granular adsorbents sorption capacity is determined.rnThe resulting granular hydrophobic adsorbent is placed in a filter column height 30 cm, diameter 2.5 cm to form a media bed height of 10 cm. A sorbent layer artificially contaminated with oil is passed Shiyskogo field volume of 1000 ml water with an initial concentration of oil Siskh = 3500 mg / dm3. The filtrate was analyzed by infrared spectroscopic method, in accordance with GOST R 51797-2001 on-device AN-31. The results are shown in Table 1.rnTable 1rnThe residual oil content in the purified waterrnThe test oil Sorbent Initial concentration, mg / dm3 concentration of residual oil in the treated water, mg / dm 3 Efficiency%rnA granular hydrophobic adsorbent 0.0095 3500 99.4rnThe analysis results shown in Table 1, demonstrate high efficiency of water purification from oil.rnObtained according to the invention, a hydrophobic granular adsorbent may be used as a sorption filter and filling that can replace activated carbon for purification of natural oil reservoirs of cooling water and wastewater of thermal power stations (TPS).rnThe use of the invention will reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of natural and waste waters from oil and oil products, to expand the range of oil sorbents by getting the place clean granular hydrophobic adsorbent-based thermal power plants and the production of waste elimination through the additional costs for its transportation.rnClaimrn1. A process for producing a hydrophobic adsorbent for natural and waste water from oil, comprising modifying polimetilgidridsiloksanom inorganic material with subsequent heat treatment, characterized in that the pre-inorganic material which is used as the carbonate slurry clarifiers thermal power stations (TPS) with a grain diameter of 0, 01-1,4 mm, heat-treated at a temperature of 180-220 ° C for 80-100 minutes, is used as a modifier modifier emulsion prepared by mixing until smooth 8% aqueous sodium polimetilgidridsiloksana molten glass and made in 1: 1 ratio, respectively, is carried out modifying the heat-treated carbonaceous slurry clarifiers TPP by mixing with modifying the emulsion in the ratio 2: 1 respectively, after which granulation is carried plastic mass obtained by molding the granules by rolling to a size equal to 2.3 mm, and a subsequent heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 280-320 ° C for 50-70 minutes to maintain a constant weight.rn2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic adsorbent is carried receipt for cleaning oil from natural reservoirs of cooling water and wastewater of thermal power stations (TPS).

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